g.SAHARA Hybrid

Yes. The conductive pins make contact with the scalp through hair while the active electronics inside the electrode amplify the signal close to the recording site. Dry recording cuts preparation time markedly and removes the need to wash hair afterwards, which suits fast BCI experiments, demonstrations, teaching and repeated measurements. Signal quality depends on correct cap placement, enough electrode-scalp contact, hair characteristics, movement and environmental interference, so impedance and contact quality should be checked before an experiment. Gel can be added when more stability is needed.

Yes. You can start an experiment completely dry and add conductive gel through the electrode's central opening when a lower electrode-skin impedance or more stability is needed. Electrodes, cap, amplifier and software stay the same. Gel can also go on selected recording sites rather than the whole montage. This suits laboratories that want fast preparation for some studies and stable gel-assisted recordings for longer, movement-heavy or technically demanding ones.

g.SAHARA Hybrid works within g.tec's EEG acquisition ecosystem: g.HIamp for high-density, high-performance acquisition, g.USBamp for compact modular recording, and supported g.Nautilus configurations. Compatible active electrode interfaces connect the electrodes to g.HIamp or g.USBamp, while supported g.Nautilus systems bring them into wearable and wireless set-ups, so a laboratory can use the same electrode technology across stationary, portable and wireless research.

Yes. Supported g.Nautilus Pro Flexible, g.Nautilus Research and g.Nautilus Multi-purpose configurations can be equipped with g.SAHARA Hybrid electrodes. This combines dry or gel-assisted contact with wireless EEG acquisition, suiting mobile neuroscience, real-world experiments, neurorehabilitation and studies in which participants move. The channel count, cap configuration and electrode strand must be specified when ordering.

Yes. g.SAHARA Hybrid records the event-related potentials P300 BCIs need. The P300 is a time-locked positive potential that typically appears about 300 milliseconds after a relevant or attended stimulus. Reliable acquisition needs stable electrode contact, accurate event markers, appropriate filtering and synchronised stimulus presentation. Research shows that under suitable conditions dry electrodes can capture the relevant P300 activity and give comparable BCI classification performance. Electrodes usually sit over central and parietal areas, though the exact montage depends on the paradigm and the analysis. Gel-assisted operation can be used when particularly stable ERP recordings are needed.

Yes. g.SAHARA Hybrid suits steady-state and code-modulated visual evoked potential BCIs, which detect frequency- or code-specific neural responses to an attended visual stimulus. These signals are usually strongest over occipital and parieto-occipital regions, so correct placement and stable contact there matter most. Dry recording is often enough for short, controlled experiments; gel can be added when movement, hair, poor contact or a low signal-to-noise ratio affects the recording. Studies indicate that under appropriate conditions dry electrodes can capture the relevant frequency ranges and perform comparably to gel-based EEG.

Yes, though the right mode depends on the study. Dry electrodes are useful when fast preparation, repeated measurements and participant comfort come first. In long sessions, cap pressure and electrode contact have to be kept stable, since movement, perspiration, posture changes and the cap slowly shifting can affect dry recordings. For demanding long experiments, gel can be added to lower electrode-skin impedance and stabilise contact. The active electrode amplifies EEG close to the scalp, which reduces susceptibility to cable interference. Participant comfort should be checked in long sessions, as cap size, electrode positions, hair and the pressure at recording sites affect both comfort and signal quality.

Yes. g.SAHARA Hybrid can be built into combined EEG-fNIRS set-ups with a compatible g.GAMMAcap and supported fNIRS hardware. The cap gives defined positions for EEG electrodes and for optical sources and detectors, keeping sensor placement reproducible over regions such as the frontal or sensorimotor cortex. EEG measures electrical neural activity at high temporal resolution; fNIRS measures the changes in oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin that follow cortical haemodynamics, so together they describe both fast electrophysiological activity and slower haemodynamic responses. The acquisition systems must be synchronised so that EEG, fNIRS, stimuli and event markers share one timing. Possible set-ups include g.tec EEG amplifiers with g.SENSOR fNIRS or supported NIRx solutions.